Tobacco Advertising Is Illegal but Alcohol Is Not Free Essays

string(100) , for example, cirrhosis of the liver represented more than 1400 passings in 2003 (Statistics Canada, 2009). COMM 3P14 †Media Industries Tobacco Advertising is Illegal, yet Advertising for Alcohol isn't, Is This Hypocritical? Rebecca Stewart 4574927 Russell Johnston Seminar 3 November 11, 2012 Advertisements are a crucial piece of any company’s promoting technique, and are utilized to illuminate or convince a group of people about a specific item or administration. Actually, North American organizations are among the world’s most elevated sponsors (Boone et al. , 2010, 502). We will compose a custom article test on Tobacco Advertising Is Illegal however Alcohol Is Not or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Today, a normal buyer is presented to several ads consistently. It is the point at which these organizations endeavor to advance a risky item that limitations must be, and have been set up. For quite a while, Canada’s guidelines on tobacco ads have gotten stricter, while liquor notices are still allowed over numerous mediums. This leads one to scrutinize the contrast between the two substances, and if this idea is in truth dishonest. The partners recognized in this paper are the watchers and audience members of the commercials, explicitly the adolescent crowd. The standards engaged with liquor advancement are analyzed with a focal point that fuses the perspectives on Horkheimer and Adorno’s viewpoint on publicizing. Alongside a short history of tobacco promoting guidelines, this paper will examine the moral issues engaged with liquor publicizing, and proof to help that alcoholic items are still a peril than tobacco, and ought to have a similar promoting limitations. There is likewise proof to recommend that most of Canadians are agreeable to more tight limitations on liquor promoting. The current misleading condition of permitting liquor to be publicized, yet expelling all tobacco related advertising is additionally talked about in detail. Writing Review Not just is publicizing unlawful for tobacco organizations, retailers are presently committed to hide these items. Cigarette organizations are additionally no longer allowed to name their item as light or mellow on the bundle (Pollay, 2004, 80). The primary Canadian enactment effectively went for publicizing guidelines was the Tobacco Act of 1997 (Pollay, 2004, 80). Wellbeing Canada made arrangements in this demonstration, for example, tobacco items must not be advanced, and all makers must share data about the product’s emanations and wellbeing perils emerging from utilization of the item on the bundling (Health Canada, 2011). The purpose of this demonstration was to shield youngsters and others from being urged to attempt tobacco related items without being educated regarding the risks to their wellbeing (Polley, 2004, 81). The conviction was that tobacco advertisements were focused on new smokers, and that organizations were attempting to pull in youngsters towards their image. This thought is conceivable in light of the fact that so as to keep up a solid business over an extensive stretch of time, new clients must be focused on. Further, there is proof supporting the way that present smokers are not prone to be changed over to another brand, making youth focused on notices almost certain (Polley, 2004, 83). There was strain to reinforce the publicizing limitations after innumerable wellbeing dangers and passings were ascribed to smoking. â€Å"Smoking has been assessed to bring about approximately 45,000 passings yearly and is a significant reason for respiratory ailment, malignant growth and circulatory disease† (Sen, 2009, 189). An examination led by the American Journal of Public Health took a gander at 481 arbitrarily chose tobacco retailers after the item show boycott to comprehend the progressions that brought about tobacco advancement (Cohen et al. , 2011, 1879). Their investigation uncovered that this boycott effectively constrained the introduction of tobacco items, and exhibited the significance of a total prohibition on retail tobacco shows (Cohen et al. , 2011, 1880). Obviously, constraining publicizing introduction to dangerous items, for example, cigarettes genuinely confines purchaser presentation, and in this manner advances the possibility of a sound open. Since these promotion guidelines have end up being a triumph, it would almost certainly have a fundamentally the same as impact when applied to liquor. Morals is a fundamental thought in the realm of promoting. Advertisers should settle on dependable choices, and not simply center around producing benefits, since it is lawful. â€Å"Ads should address crowds not similarly as purchasers who care about material interests however as residents who care about social temperances and the open good† (Hove, 2009, 35). Advertising mixed refreshments is dishonest. While there are mellow limitations in Canada with respect to liquor advancements, there is an interest for additional. A few territories run advertisements that advance mindful drinking, or the threats of driving drunk trying to reveal insight into liquor misuse (Boone, 2010, 525). Be that as it may, these endeavors don't counteract the large number of lager and alcohol notices in today’s media. Some liquor ads incorporate the philosophy that drinking a specific brand of lager will impact their social class, or improve their personal satisfaction here and there. This is amazingly dubious. An article from the South African Journal of Psychology notes, â€Å"there are no laws against [alcohol] commercials; in any case, dependable corporate and expert activity, would keep the utilization of these ads from a social and good standpoint† (Dubihela, 2011, 209). Unmistakably, a moral quandary is available. The Canadian Radio-TV and Telecommunications Commission is one association that has seen liquor notices fundamentally. Since 1968 they have expected telecasters to report the quantity of liquor related messages communicated every year (CRTC, 2011). The messages likewise should cling to their Code for Broadcast of Alcoholic Beverages (CRTC, 2011). This code incorporates arrangements to guarantee advancements for mixed refreshments don't energize non-consumers or youngsters to drink or buy liquor, infer a specific brand is unrivaled in view of a higher liquor rate, and that utilization of liquor improves delight in an action (CRTC 2011). These guidelines are undeniably progressively indulgent contrasted with the limitations on tobacco promoting. Publicizing Standards Canada has now picked up obligation to audit notices concerning liquor to guarantee they are as per the CRTC’s code (Darling, 1996). Also, liquor is similarly as risky to society as tobacco. Insights Canada shows that liquor use by drivers was a factor in about 30% of engine vehicle related passings from 2003-2005 (Statistics Canada, 2011). Additionally, passings from other liquor related scatters, for example, cirrhosis of the liver represented more than 1400 passings in 2003 (Statistics Canada, 2009). You read Tobacco Advertising Is Illegal yet Alcohol Is Not in class Article models The most important partners in this issue, youngsters, are seriously influenced by liquor use in Canada. In 2011, 13. 2% of Canadian youth ages 12 to 19 fell under the substantial consumer class, that is, devouring at least 5 beverages on one event at any rate once every month (Statistics Canada, 2011). Also, â€Å"the pace of people blamed for impeded driving offenses was most elevated among youthful grown-ups between the ages of 19 and 24† (Statistics Canada, 2011). Also, 28. 8% of Canadian understudies confessed to being driven by somebody who was legitimately weakened (Statistics Canada, 2011). Numerous Canadians bolster the general conclusion that tries to implement stricter guidelines with regards to liquor items. An investigation from the Drug and Alcohol Review Journal reports that 50. 1% of Canadians concur with precluding liquor publicizing (Macdonald et al. , 2011, 653). So also, 47. 4% thought the current lawful drinking age of nineteen ought to be expanded, and 40. 1% accepted expenses on mixed refreshments ought to be raised (Macdonald et al. , 2011, 653). These sorts of changes would make liquor less accessible or appealing to youthful grown-ups. The CRTC’s report that plots the structure for their promoting guidelines states, â€Å"parties contended that over the top liquor utilization is as hazardous as smoking and, thusly, ought to be treated similarly: the buyer ought to be cautioned of the perils related with harsh consumption† (Darling, 1996). Unmistakably, promising the offer of any item that can cause this sort of damage is ethically flippant. Clearly, numerous Canadians accept liquor is a perilous substance that ought not be effectively available to youngsters. Set up an Interpretive Context This examination is utilized to set up whether an inclination exists. The demise and illness rate brought about by both liquor and tobacco is inspected to demonstrate that false reverence is available. Hurtful impacts brought about by the utilization of liquor and tobacco is contrasted with reveal why this lopsidedness of promoting limitation is treacherous. It is not necessarily the case that tobacco items ought to be reintroduced, however that the two substances ought to be dispensed with from media publicizing out and out. Moreover, the perspectives on genuine Canadians are considered in light of the fact that this encourages an open circle and structures a far reaching conclusion on the issue. Likewise considered is the measure of time went through with media by Canadians and explicitly youngsters. Insights that plot hours spent sitting in front of the TV and riding the web will be thought of. The best result for this circumstance is to limit liquor notices dependent on similar grounds sketched out in the Tobacco Act. Conversation After investigating the accessible information, it is clear a treacherous inclination exists. The situation of this conversation remains that liquor ought to be dispensed with from promoting for similar reasons tobacco is. Tobacco has been

Sport Tourism Essay Example for Free

Game Tourism Essay Sports the travel industry presents an open door for the City of Kent, Kent State University and City of Kent schools to use existing games and amusement offices to make new financial and network an incentive by facilitating novice games at Kent scenes. These occasions carry new dollars into the Kent economy, exhibit Kent’s resources, and give chances to Kent’s children to go up against probably the best understudy competitors in the country in their own old neighborhood. This report gives a diagram of how different urban communities have joined nearby assets to make a serious games the travel industry system. July 17, 2006 Office of the City Manager 1 Table of Contents I. II. III. Sports Commission Missions Sports Commission Membership Sports Commission Practicing Models Big City 1. Cleveland, Ohio 2. Columbus, Ohio Small Cities with Universities 1. Cortland New York 2. Gainesville, Florida 3. Huntsville, Alabama 4. Lehigh, Pennsylvania 5. Southbend, Indiana 6. Yakima, Washington Small City without a University 1. Peruse more: Wallace great peopleâ essay Kingsport, Tennessee Greater Cleveland Sports Commission Greater Columbus Sports Commission page 3 page 4 page 5 page 5 page 8 Cortland Regional Sports Council Gainesville Sports Organizing Committee Huntsville Sports Commission Lehigh Valley Sports Commissio Southbend Regional Sports Commission Yakima Valley Sports Council page 13 page 25 page 27 page 30 page 34 page 36 Kingsport Convention and Visitors Bureau page 38 IV. National Association of Sports Commissions page 48 V. Monetary Impact of Sports Events 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. A Review of Economic Impact Study on Sport Events Greater Chattanooga Sports Committees Estimated Economic Impact Surpasses $15 Million Kingsport Sports Tourism Dollars in 2005 Cortland Sports Tourism Dollars Economic Impact of Amateur Softball Events Cities Compete to Host Sporting Events Economic Impact Calculation Examples Comparative Economic Impact Analyses page 53 page 53 page 55 page 59 page 60 page 62 page 64 page 66 page 67 2 I. Missions Summary To make Greater Cleveland the countries chief goal for games and exercises. The crucial the Greater Columbus Sports Commission is to give administration, direction and promoting aptitude in drawing in territorial, national and worldwide games and exercises to profit Greater Columbus financially and socially. The mission of CRSC is to advance Cortland County for sports related business, occasions, rivalry and training. CRSCs objective is to make a positive monetary effect through brandishing/recreational occasions inside the Cortland people group. Our central goal is to be a main voice of the games and the travel industry businesses in Alachua County; to encourage financial turn of events and add to our personal satisfaction through games using open and private part assets; to enlist and make sports, amusement and diversion open doors for the network that produce a constructive monetary effect; to assemble a comprehension in the network of the significance of sports and the travel industry; and to do as such with aptitude, while satisfying all industry proficient guidelines. By enrolling and holding occasions, the association tries to expand the travel industry, make a critical financial effect and accommodate an improved personal satisfaction for Lehigh Valley occupants. The crucial the Lehigh Valley Sports Commission is to pull in games to the Lehigh Valley through powerful advertising, offer coordination and facilitating exercises. The games commission will build up a raising support component for offer expenses, and cultivate associations with national overseeing bodies, backers and nearby media. Our strategic structure a volunteer base to help novice games all through the Lehigh Valley. The South Bend Regional Sports Commission exists to draw in and hold worldwide, national, territorial, state and neighborhood games to St. Joseph County and encompassing networks. To advance the South Bend district as a world-class game goal and to seek after and help sports-related exercises which animate the neighborhood economy, upgrade the area’s picture, give remarkable amusement and participatory chances while adding to the community’s personal satisfaction. To propel the crucial the Yakima Valley Visitors and Convention Bureau by invigorating financial development through games that create monetary effect for the Yakima Valley. Accentuation is set on advancing the Yakima Valley as a debut sports goal to occasion organizers, members and observers while giving exemption client assistance. 3 II. Enrollment Summary Columbus Board of Commissioners Brian Ellis, Chair Nationwide Realty Investors Nick Ashooh American Electric Power †¢Paul Astleford Experience Columbus Irwin Bain Schottenstein Stores Corporation †¢Butch Moore The Dispatch Printing Company †¢Michael Priest JMACRhett Ricart. Franklin County Convention Facilities Authority †¢Gene Smith The Ohio State University Gainesville Sports Organizing Committee Wende Blumberg, the 2006 GSOC President, drives the twenty-five part GSOC Board of Trustees. The Board originates from an expansive cross segment of Alachua County residents. Trustees are region agents with an enthusiasm for sports and monetary turn of events. The board incorporates individuals from sports offices including the Stephen C. OConnell Center, different Alachua County urban communities, Gainesville Raceway, nearby banks, insurance agencies, and neighborhood print, radio and TV organizations. Huntsville Sports CommissionRonald Evans Von Braun CenterCharles Winters Huntsville Madison County Conventions and Visitors Bureau More noteworthy Cleveland Sports Commission VISION To make Greater Cleveland the countries preeminent goal for games and exercises WHY BOOK A VENUE WHEN YOU CAN BOOK A CITY? There are such a significant number of reasons why Cleveland is an extraordinary spot to have your game. We can help make your occasion a triumph! The Greater Cleveland Sports Commission is committed to making Cleveland the countries head goal for novice games and exercises. The Sports Commission offers a wide cluster of administrations and help to pull in occasions to Cleveland, however to guarantee their prosperity. Sponsorship Event Management Marketing Public Relations Facility and Site Selection Volunteers Hospitality Vendor Referrals Connections to the Cleveland Community If you might want to examine carrying YOUR occasion to Cleveland, if it's not too much trouble call us at 216. 621. 0600 Host Commission of: 2004 International Children’s Games 2004 NBC Gravity Games 2007 NCAA Women’s Final Four Basketball Championships 2004 U. S. Short Track National Speedskating Championships U. S. Acrobatic Championships McDonald’s All-American High School Basketball Game U. S. Olympic Trials Box-Offs. David E. Gilbert is President CEO of the Greater Cleveland Sports Commission, whose objective is to make Greater Cleveland the nation’s chief goal for beginner games and exercises. The association is liable for pulling in, advancing and overseeing significant beginner athletic occasions and to make wearing open doors for youth and novice competitors. Since its refounding in late 1999, the Sports Commission has just had critical accomplishment by making sure about in excess of 50 occasions for Cleveland including the NCAA Women’s Final Four, NBC Gravity Games, U. S. Aerobatic Championships, International Children’s Games, McDonald’s All-American High School Basketball Game, and U. S. Olympic Trials Box-Offs. These occasions speak to a financial effect of more than $160 million for Cleveland’s economy. Preceding this position, David filled in as Director of Community Affairs and Special Projects for the Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Cleveland where he was answerable for progressing Cleveland’s travel and the travel industry administration guidelines and related turns of events. Features of his residency with incorporate financing and improvement of two new, full-administration guest data focuses and leading the subsidizing, creation and activities of the Spirit of Hospitality Career Training 5 Program, an imaginative, new government assistance to-work activity that got national acknowledgment and praise. Preceding his work with the CVB, David filled in as official chief of North Coast Harbor, Inc. , a nearby improvement enterprise liable for the ace arranging and promoting of Cleveland’s downtown lakefront advancement locale. He additionally held the situation of executive of corporate advancement for The Cleveland Play House. David Gilbert We are carrying individuals to town for reasons other than shows, he said. Our main goal is to make Cleveland a national capital for beginner sports. With the Commissions occasion plan at 41 (33% having just occurred, including the Gravity Games and the U. S. aerobatic and figure skating titles), Gilbert evaluated the monetary effect at $160-162 million. Without the money to pay a $200,000 offer charge for a run of the mill occasion, the non-benefit Commission won the figure skating titles, for instance, by paying just piece of the offer expense yet assuming liability for neighborliness, transportation, field rental and different viewpoints off the shoulders of the occasion coordinators. With imaginative strategies, for example, this, and the help of our accomplices, Gilbert said were beating the heck out of different areas. 6 Red floor covering treatment for skaters By MAYA R. PAYNE 2:21 pm, April 5, 2006. Cleveland is in the racing to have the 2009 World Figure Skating Championships, and zone pioneers are wagering that a touch of North Coast accommodation will give the city an edge more than two different urban communities wanting to have the occasion. The U. S. Figure Skating Association site determination council visits Cleveland today and Thursday and is looking for data to enable its individuals to limit th

The Top 14 Miracle on 34th Street Quotes

The Top 14 'Wonder on 34th Street' Quotes Do you recollect the most critical statements from Miracle on 34th Street? In the event that you grew up viewing thisâ feel-great 1947 Christmas exemplary, the same number of individuals did, you no uncertainty have held the fundamental plotline of the film. Or on the other hand, you might be comfortable with the 1994â theatrical change. Edmund Gwenn stars, in an extraordinary presentation, as Kris Kringle-the altruistic Santa Claus. Christmas time, be that as it may, has become a business racket where customers attempt to get the best arrangements and stores exceed each other in pulling in purchasers. This film turns that a piece and brings a mess of fun and amusement. Be that as it may, after some time, the most touchingâ lines in the film may have gotten away from your memory, except if youre an especially lifelong fan. Remember the film, and your youth, with these Miracle on 34th Street cites. Confidence, Commercialism, and Santa on 34th Street Kris KringleOh, Christmas isnt only a day, its an attitude... furthermore, that is whats been evolving. That is the reason Im happy Im here, possibly I can take care of business. Fred GaileyLook Doris, some time or another youre going to find that your method of confronting this sensible world just doesnt work. Furthermore, when you do, dont neglect those flawless intangibles. Youll find those are the main things that are beneficial. Susan WalkerI accept... I accept... Its senseless, yet I accept. Susan WalkerIf youre truly Santa Claus, you can get it for me. What's more, on the off chance that you cannot, youre just a pleasant man with a white facial hair, similar to mother says. Fred GaileyAll my life Ive pondered something, and nows my opportunity to discover. Im going to discover the response to an inquiry that is astounded the world for quite a long time. Does Santa Claus lay down with his stubbles outside or in? Kris KringleNow hold up a moment, Susie. Because each youngster cannot get his desire that doesnt mean there isnt a Santa Claus. Susan WalkerYou mean its like, If from the start you dont succeed, attempt, attempt once more. Kris KringleTo showcase, to advertise, to purchase a fat pig! Home once more, home once more, jiggety-dance. To showcase, to advertise, to purchase a fat hoard! Home once more, home once more, jiggety... Doris WalkerFaith is putting stock in things when good judgment instructs you not to. Doris WalkerSusan, I communicate in French, however that doesn't make me Joan of Arc. Doris WalkerAnd by filling them loaded with fantasies they grow up thinking about existence as a dream rather than the real world. Mr. ShellhammerI simply realize that with that man on the position of authority my area of expertise will sell more toys than it ever has. I simply feel it. AlfredThere is a great deal of awful isms skimming around this world and one of the most exceedingly terrible is corporate greed. Charles HalloranAll right, you return and reveal to them that the New York State Supreme Court rules theres no Santa Claus. Its everything over the papers. The children read it and they dont hang up their stockings.

CFPBs Kraninger on Financial Education Todays consumers need these skills more than ever. - OppLoans

CFPBs Kraninger on Financial Education “Today’s consumers need these skills more than ever.” - OppLoans CFPBs Kraninger on Financial Education: “Today’s consumers need these skills more than ever.”Inside Subprime: April 26, 2019By Aubrey SitlerIn a speech to the Bipartisan Policy Center, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau head Kathleen Kraninger expressed what she had gathered during a “listening tour” designed to inform potential public safeguards from predatory institutions.While the mission of the consumer watchdog agency has always been to protect consumers and defend against bad actors engaging in unfair and abusive financial practices, Kraninger shifted the focus to consumer education in her speech.“Empowering consumers to help themselves, protect their own interests, and choose the financial products and services that best fit their needs is vital to preventing consumer harm and building financial well-being,” Kraninger stated.“Today’s consumers need these skills more than ever,” she said. “For example, fewer than half of Americans set aside money for the ir children’s college education. More and more people reach retirement with incomes and savings that simply won’t meet their needs.”She also cited data from a Federal Reserve report that found 40 percent of Americans couldn’t manage a $400 emergency expense without selling something or borrowing.In February, Kraninger proposed a rollback to the Obama-era payday loan rule, which would have protected consumers from abusive practices of predatory payday lenders, a plan that received harsh criticism from Democrats.A report from the Consumer Federation of America revealed an 80 percent decrease in enforcement activity since 2017, and consumers’ average restitution sharply fell by 96 percent.But a spokesperson for the bureau insisted that Kraninger’s goals were still in line with the CFPB’s intended mission. “It goes without saying that the director is committed to taking swift action against bad actors,” she told the LA Times. “The director could not have been more cl ear in her speech: ‘Let me state emphatically my view that enforcement is an essential tool Congress gave the bureau â€" particularly because education, rulemaking and supervision will not prevent every violation.’”But Kraninger also called for an overhaul of the regulatory process, and stated that financial institutions should “self-examine, self-report, and provide restitution where appropriate.”Learn more about payday loans, scams, and cash advances, and check out our city and state financial guides, including  Chicago,  Florida, Illinois, Texas  and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Ask an Expert Do Colleges Consider Campus Visits in their Admissions Decision

Do colleges consider your campus visit in their admissions decision? In this blog post, we ask four of our New York and Cambridge college admissions coaches a simple question. Based off of their expertise in coaching prospective applicants, four of our coaches weigh in on the discussion. Do colleges consider your campus visit in their admissions decision? Weike "Long story short the answer is no. Visiting schools is meant to help the student decide and the parents to engage. When visiting, students can get a better sense of the campus vibe and through this experience, bond with their parents who most likely drove them there. Unfortunately, colleges don't have enough resources/admin staff memory space to remember everyone who has visited and asked an insightful question. However, I have seen some special cases. If a student is not quite as competitive as the other applicants, and he/she makes a personal visit to the college (not just take one of the generic tours but meet with the regional admissions officer or the director of admissions or an influential professor) then that could weigh in his/her favor. This however requires much more planning and foresight than what usually goes into a college visit road trip and there are no promises that it will work 100 percent. Overall, if you are a student, I would recommend visiting the school for y our own sake rather for the school's." Danielle D. "Colleges primarily track visitors just so they can send out mailings, not for admissions decisions, and that colleges who do weigh campus visits or 'interest' in their decisions usually only take this into account for borderline cases--it doesn't make or break an admission for a clearly qualified candidate." Manoah "I wouldn't counsel a student to visit a school just to get an edge there, especially if the only metric tracking that visit was a sign-in sheet in the visitors center. If the student could meet with a professor or have an interview with an admissions counselor lined up, then yes, I'd offer that it's a valuable experience to be on campus -- beyond, of course, just being there to get a sense of things. As to whether or not the standard campus visit will make or break an application, I would agree with you in saying no -- I think that overall, counselors put very little stock in on-campus presence as a determining factor, unless a visit could signal some outsize kind of commitment (like you flew from India just to see this one school or something)." Zuzanna What I can say here comes from when I was an alumni interviewer at Columbia (which, granted, is different from small schools like Swarthmore): They wanted us in interviews to gauge how much the student actually knows about the school, whether it be from a visit or from talking to alumni/current students. Basically they don't want to get the sense that people are blindly applying based on name. I work with a lot of students from Poland who have no opportunity to do college visits, so I just reach out through my network to get them to talk to alumni or current students of their top choice schools, and in their "why school X" short responses we make sure to include that part of their motivation in applying to these schools comes from how excited they were after these conversations. Are you interested in college application coaching, or meetin one of our incredible college tutors in Cambridge, New York, or online? ;

How Terrorism Law Enforcement Prepares For Terrorism

Introduction The tragic events of September 11, 2011 have changed the way Americans lives their every day lives. Especially, with members of the law enforcement community. Guidelines have been implemented in order to better prepare law enforcement agencies in handling suspected terrorist and potential targets for attacks. Nationwide agencies have been created to better serve local law enforcement agencies investigate potential terroristic threats, and alleviate any unsolved questions of what is required to better protect the security of the U.S. Due to terrorist attacks that have occurred across the world and in the U.S., law enforcement agencies and citizens now have the proper resources to help prevent future terrorist attacks. How Terrorism Law Enforcement Prepares for Terrorism Throughout the 21st century, the United States has continually faced threats of terrorism from abroad and domestically. Some of these threats were deemed creditable, and others were not. These threats have caused not only every day Americans to be vigilant, but it has changed the way law enforcement officers conduct their duties. Police officers are on the forefront in society and have the ability to understand the behavior of members of the community than other law enforcement agencies. Due to the fact that terrorism can happen in many forms, police officers need to be alert of potential threats to the community such as terrorist activity. Some of the forms of terrorism are: car orShow MoreRelatedFirst Responder Terrorist Risk: International Terror Events.1737 Words   |  7 PagesGary Roberts Homeland Security 03/23/2017 â€Æ' Law Enforcement Officers, Firefighters, EMS personnel and other first responders serving in the United States of America face many daily challenges and concerns regarding their safety and well-being while performing their assigned duties. 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An Introduction to Vanitas Paintings

A vanitas painting is a particular style of still life that was immensely popular in the Netherlands beginning in the 17th century. The style often includes with worldly objects such as books and wine and you will find quite a few skulls on the still life table. Its intent is to remind viewers of their own mortality and the futility of worldly pursuits. Vanitas Reminds Us of Vanities The word  vanitas  is Latin for vanity and that is the idea behind a vanitas painting. They were created to remind us that our vanity or material possessions and pursuits do not preclude us from death, which is inevitable. The phrase comes to us courtesy of a biblical passage in Ecclesiastes. In the King James Version (Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity,) the Hebrew word hevel was incorrectly translated to mean vanity of vanities, when it means pointless, meaningless, futile. But for this slight mistranslation, vanitas would rightfully be known as a meaningless painting, which is far from the intent of the makers. The Symbolism of Vanitas Paintings A vanitas painting, while possibly containing lovely objects, always included some reference to mans mortality. Most often, this is a human skull (with or without other bones), but items like  burning candles, soap bubbles and decaying flowers may be used for this purpose as well. Other objects are placed in the still life to symbolize the various types of worldly pursuits that tempt humans. For example, secular knowledge like that found in the arts and sciences may be depicted by books, maps, or instruments. Wealth and power have symbols like  gold, jewelry, and precious trinkets while fabrics, goblets, and pipes might represent earthly pleasures. Beyond the skull to depict impermanence, a vanitas painting may also include references to time, such as a watch or hourglass. It may use decaying flowers or rotting food for the purpose as well. In some paintings, the idea of the resurrection is included as well, represented as sprigs of ivy and laurel or ears of corn. To add to the symbolism, you will find vanitas paintings with the subjects placed in disarray compared to other, very tidy, still life art. This is designed to represent the chaos that materialism can add to a pious life. Vanitas is very similar to another type of still life painting,  known as memento mori. Latin for remember  you must die, this style tended to include only those objects that remind us of death and refrained from using the materialistic symbols. A Religious Reminder Vanitas paintings were  meant not only as works of art, they also carried an important moral message. They were designed to remind us that the trivial pleasures of life are abruptly and permanently  wiped out by death.   It is doubtful that this genre would have been popular had the Counter-Reformation and Calvinism not propelled it into the limelight. Both movements—one Catholic, the other Protestant—occurred at the same time as vanitas paintings were becoming popular, and scholars today interpret them as warning against the vanities of life and the representation of the Calvinist morality of the day. Like the symbolic art, the two religious efforts emphasized the devaluing of possessions and success in this world. They instead, focused believers on their relationship with God in preparation for the afterlife. The Vanitas Painters The primary period of vanitas paintings lasted from 1550 to around 1650. They began as still lifes painted on the backside of portraits as an explicit warning to the subject, and evolved into featured works of art. The movement was centered around the Dutch city of Leiden, a Protestant stronghold, though it was popular throughout the Netherlands and in parts of France and Spain. In the beginning of the movement, the work was very dark and gloomy. Toward the end of the period, however, it did lighten up a bit. The message in vanitas paintings became that although the world is indifferent to human life, the beauty of the world can be enjoyed and contemplated. Considered a signature genre in Dutch Baroque art, a number of artists were famous for their vanitas work. These include Dutch painters like David Bailly (1584–1657), Harmen van Steenwyck (1612–1656), and Willem Claesz Heda (1594–1681). Some French painters worked in vanitas as well, the best-known of which was Jean Chardin (1699–1779). Many of these vanitas paintings are considered great works of art today. You can also find a number of modern artists working in this style. Yet, many people wonder at the popularity of vanitas paintings by collectors. After all, doesnt the painting itself become a symbol of vanitas? Sources and Further Reading Bergstrà ¶m, Ingvar. Dutch Still Life in the 17th Century. Hacker Art Books, 1983.Grootenboer, Hanneke. The Rhetoric of Perspective: Realism and Illusionism in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Still Life Painting. Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press, 2005.Koozin, Kristine. The Vanitas Still Lifes of Harmen Steenwyck: Metaphoric Realism. Lampeter, Wales: Edwin Mellen Press, 1990.